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谈谈买新房子要注意的问题

本文发表在 rolia.net 枫下论坛由于职业的关系,每天走东家串西家,也见过不少的新房子存在不少的建筑问题,想写出来供大家讨论,也为将来和现在正在买房子的同胞们普及点看房知识,已提高大家的眼力,有错误和不周到的地方希望行家们指正,补充,还是那句话---让我们将科普进行到底!
以下我提出的现象是我自己看到的,只是个别现象,这不代表所有的新房,我相信大多数新房都是按规定去建造的。
1,结构问题:
现在的新建房子大都是两层,其结构问题就显得更加重要,尤其是承重的梁,墙等,你在他们建房和后来看房是要多加留心,一般房子的宽度都在24尺以上,这就意味着一根梁(Joist)不可能跨那么长的距离,一般只能在12-16尺范围内,那么中间就必须有一根承重的大梁撑着他们,现在普遍用工字钢,好的结构是用一整条工字钢,两端担在承重墙上但我见过有些房子就没有用整条的钢梁,而是两根接起来的,只要接口处有柱子完好的支撑也可以,但有些甚至有用3根拼凑起来,还有更夸张的是两段都没担在承重墙上,或只有一寸担着,还见到过由于钢梁不够长,边上的两根JOIST都没担在刚梁上,才一年多楼上的地板就下沉,总之五花八门的形式都有,还有用两段钢梁,中间用木头的我也见过,这些合不合规范我不想在这讨论,我只是想给大家提个醒,好坏你自己判断,在这也想请教搞结构的专业人士,将建筑规范也给我们普及一下,谢谢!
2,横梁(Joist)
现在的新房的横梁有两种版本,一种是用传统的2X10的木头做横梁,这种梁已经经过几百年的考验证明是非常可靠的。另一种是用一种强渡较高的刨花板做成的工字梁,叫"工程师梁",这种梁有利于环保,废物利用,重量轻,可有效地减少房子的负荷,其试验强度也是符合建筑标准的,但我个人认为,这种看起来很单薄的东东从力学角度上分析如果正压时一定有足够的承受力,但如果房子由于其他原因实起歪斜了,那么这种梁就不堪一击,很容易就崩溃了,再说它是用胶将碎木胶合起来的,要是天长日久房子漏水的话,我想这种梁就没那么坚固了吧,总之,这是种新型材料,其优缺点还要经过长时间使用才能现出其优缺点,我在此不作任何评判,你自己去判断。
3,地板问题(SUB FLOOR):
原来的房子的房子大多都是用3/4英寸后的胶合板这种板材强度较好,密度也大些,有利于在上面铺硬木地板,但现在几乎90%以上的新房子都是用刨花板做SUBFLOOR,其性能当然要比前者差不少,但也没办法,现在在加拿大都用这种便宜的材料,美其名曰是利于环保,其实质上是建筑商省钱,现在已经形成潮流,你还真的找不到白色的乌鸦了,没办法,黑就黑吧,谁让你要喜欢新房子呢。
这里再补充一点,由于建筑公司为了提高效率,几乎所有的地板都是用射钉枪顶的,日后走的多了,钉子就松了,将来你的地板肯定会响的,其解决办法只有在他们钉完地板后你自己去上一边螺丝,没办法,你要想有个美好的未来,就只好出了钱还要在受累。
4,厨房,卫生间,走道的地砖问题:
这里的房子结构想必大家都了解了不少,是木头的结构,要想在木板上铺磁砖,传统的施工方法是先钉一层铁网,任何再刮一层水泥,然后在水泥板上再磁砖,或先钉一层水泥板然后再铺磁砖,这样铺的磁砖就不会裂,但是现在的科技也太发达了,新材料不断涌现,现在市场上推出一种能在木板上粘结的特殊水泥,这是好多建筑公司就直接用这种材料在木板上铺地砖了,这样他们就能节省好多工时,但是广大的房主们就苦了,这种施工方法存在严重缺陷,少则两三年,多也不过4,5 年,你的地砖一定会裂的。这是为什么呢?我们知道水泥和地砖是硬性材料,其弹性形变很小,而下面的木板可是容易变形的,可以想象,如果基板在使用一段时间发生变形,而上面的地砖没有随之而变,那么地砖就很可能下面变空,由于下面又没有足够的基板支撑,(这里指的是水泥板),地砖就很容易被踩碎,我看到好多才几年的"新房子"那漂亮的地砖就裂了,这时早就过了保修期了,你只有自己凑合用吧。(注:我不是说所有的建筑公司都这么做,但确有其事,你的房子是这样建的吗?)
5, 关于马桶问题:
按照北美的建筑规定,马桶大都用标准的尺寸,也就是马桶下面的两颗固定螺丝到墙的尺寸是12英寸,这时装好的马桶的水箱刚好靠墙,但我见过不少的新房子的马桶的水箱都不靠墙,有些更夸张,离墙有十几寸,那么这会有上面坏处呢?你仔细看看马桶的结构就知道上面的水箱和下面的马桶之间只有两颗螺丝连接,如果水箱不靠墙,那么你座在马桶上面时总是习惯靠在水箱上,这样时间长了轻者水箱漏水,严重的将水箱或基座的那扦细的陶瓷孔给靠裂,这时发大水不说,你还要换马桶,你说倒霉不?我想大家看到这里的时候你一定会去检查你的马桶水箱是否靠墙,如果不靠墙,差一点也没关系,你只要找块木头或白色的泡沫包装材料将后面垫实,让你的水箱也有个依靠,这样你用起来也就放心了,要是你的新房正在建,你就要到工地去检查,如果不合标准就及时让他们改,如果你等到交了工后发现就晚了,那时改都没法改了。还要补充的一条就是如果你在加拿大,其马桶的水箱有所规定,就是里面有层保温层,这是因为这里的地下水很冷,当水箱充满冷水时那空气中的水蒸汽遇到冰冷的水箱壁就会凝结成水珠,(出汗),汗水可能流到地板上,所以要用保温水箱。
6,楼梯问题,今天我只想给大家谈结构问题,至于别的问题我以后在专题讨论。
一般新房子的睡房都在楼上,其楼梯设计有一定的规定,就是要保证QUEEN SIZE的床垫和BOX要上得去,我曾见过有位同胞买的新房子,就存在BOX上不去的问题,这有两种可能,1,是设计有问题,2,是建筑施工时就没有按图纸做,所有我要提醒大家带尺子去量,看看QUEEN SIZE的BOX能不能转上去,要是不行就要及时通知他们来改。
好了,些了这么多,不知道还有没有上面该注意的,希望大家踊跃发言,汇集新房子存在的缺陷,谢谢!更多精彩文章及讨论,请光临枫下论坛 rolia.net
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  • 枫下家园 / 住房话题 / 谈谈买新房子要注意的问题
    • 帮你UP。
    • 顶一下
      • 你们也太快了,我连错别字还没来得急改呢,没办法,改不成了,大家就凑合看吧。
        • 谢谢如此好的帖子!要是再有照片指点就锦上添花了.
    • 多谢。请教:1,一般工字钢可以有多长?2,king size的床不保证可以上楼?3,你承做patio装修吗?谢
      • 第一个问题要根据房子实际长度而定,2,king size的床一定能上去,因为它有两个BOX,而床垫是软的,可以弯曲。
        • 多谢好文章. 不过我买的KING SIZE 床垫在往上搬的时候可是费了劲, 搬运工说床垫不能弯, 如果弯过, 开始看不出来, 过一段时间会变得凹凸不平.(里面的弹簧还是什么东东的会变形.)
    • 写得好,顶一下。
    • 圈阅。好。
    • 估计打算买新房子的人里面有要动摇的了……不过写得很好,赞!
      • 还有很多问题呢,不过我实在不能再写下去了,整个一上午时间都泡汤了,下午我一定要出去找点米,家里快揭不开锅了,以后在续。
        谢谢支撑。
      • 所以我觉得好的builder也很重要,买新房的XDJM不妨把自己的builder评价一下,个人感觉GreenPark,GreatGulf,Daniel都不错,Mattamy造很多房子,但用料有点cheap,客服很不错
        • 我的是GreatGulf,
          • 请问您住哪个小区?
        • 我买的就是Mattamy的房子,不知道他们会不会在木板上直接铺地砖。。。。??
    • 谢谢,及时雨---远帆。看了几次在建ING的房,走马观花,下次去认真看看。
    • 好文章,感谢
    • mark.
    • 现在的新房子装不装kitchen disposal?
      • 那是选项,什么时候装都来得急,我很喜欢那个东东,用起来方便。
        • 如果装的话,是不是下水道和不装的不一样?需要不需要造房子之前就要告诉建筑商?
          • 完全没必要找他们装,以后不需要任何更改就能装上,其原因是。。。
            他们收费很贵。
            • 哦!也就是普通下水道就可以装,是吧?在多伦多装合法吗?从来没有看到有人装过。谢谢!
              • 合法,要是不合法这里的HD就不许卖,普通下水就能装,我家就有,但这里用的人太少了。
                • 谢谢!我要给我的旧房子先装一个。这个东西太方便了。特别是夏天。
            • 在美国是不是必须要装的
              • 没有规定。
      • 什么是kitchen disposal?
    • very good, tks~
    • 阅!可以下发。
    • 问题:1。这样的新房子变老了,是不是就可以买了呢?2。市场上的老房子,要多老的才好呢?3/5年?10年?3。多少年的房子才是全砖的?全砖的是不是最好?
      • 这个没准,多新多旧的房子都有好的,看你的运气和眼力。多少年的房子都有全砖的。
    • 新房子这么多问题,看来一定要等四五年, 变成旧房子再买,就放心了.
      • 到后来你买的刚好是别人发现问题又没办法解决就干脆卖掉的房子
        开个玩笑。
    • 好文,狂顶。再请教远帆兄,如果要到工地上去参观,房子建到什么时候去比较好?
      • 要是我的话就隔三叉5的去转转,发现问题及时改正,那些工地上的人看你老去,老找麻烦,以后也就会对你特别照顾,不敢乱来了。
        • 也有可能特地给你搞点看不见的问题吧
    • mark, thanks.
    • 帮你UP。 -lizpan
    • Good。你组个团到Toronto新楼盘考查考查。
      • 那要你们买新房子的人联络。约定在周末大家聚一聚,互相去看一看,我可以随你们去凑个热闹,帮你们看看,顺便也长长见识,最好有谁有辆大点的车大家都一起去看,不但省了油钱,而且大家在一起还可以多交流,费用大家分摊就是了,
        等你们组织好叫上我就是了。
        • 不知谁还有兴趣。我对房子一窍不通。
      • 有些结构上的问题房子盖好后的看不到了.正在盖的房子没有建筑商欢迎大众参观的,你在工地意外受伤人家是要陪你的.
        有些地方建筑商提供升级选择,如SUBFLOOR从OSB升PLYWOOD.
    • 写得好。转发给我老公和我爸妈看。我们想换房,他们坚持要买新房,我坚持要买旧房。现在更坚定了决心。
      • 那天他说说旧房的毛病,没准你有改变主意了。
        • 应该不会,我现在住的就是50年旧的房子。刚进去的时候不适应,现在越来越觉得旧房子好了。主要是地大,而且社区健全。房子里面我彻头彻尾全部重新装修了一下。
    • To gates: I saw some builder are using drywall as exteriol wall (use to be OSB board). Is there any benefit and disadvantage? Thanks!
    • 你介绍的,我相信,但是也有些不相信。首先感谢你提供的信息。第二,如果建筑商经常这样干,那么他们的生意还做不做?因为客户当中也有懂得建房的,如果恰巧碰上了这样的客户,建筑商岂不是倒霉?
      谢谢您提供这样有使用价值的信息。。
    • 大谢!打印,收藏:说不定我将来也有一天买得起新宅呢!
    • 感谢这位热心人,但是你的文章里还是有不完善的地方。比如说马桶,谁上厕所的时候是靠在水箱上的啊?不解决问题的时候谁又去坐在马桶上呢?
    • And NO DOG next door!!!
    • Top 10 things to beware of when buying resale
      本文发表在 rolia.net 枫下论坛Top 10 things to beware of when buying resale
      Jun. 3, 2006. 01:00 AM
      BOB AARON

      Buying a resale home may seem deceptively simple since it is common practice to use an industry-approved form offer and pop in a few "standard" conditions like mortgage financing and home inspection.

      Based on my experience with thousands of transactions over the years, I have compiled a "top 10" list of things to watch out for when submitting an offer to purchase a resale home. Here they are, in no particular order.

      1. Many offers are still prepared with wording that allows the final purchase price to be paid "by cash or certified cheque" on closing. If the buyer pays in cash, the seller will have a serious problem trying to deposit several hundred thousand dollars in 20s and 50s into a bank account. Do the words money laundering ring a bell?

      2. Conditions are often drafted allowing a buyer several "business" days to obtain financing, complete a home inspection or review a condominium status certificate. Very few offers, however, define the term "business day." Since some banks and many businesses are open on weekends, the fuzziness of the words "business day" can easily lead to litigation, unless the term is clearly defined. I prefer to use calendar day instead of business day, or even to insert a specific date.

      3. Most offers I have seen lately caution the buyer that current value assessment (CVA) is being implemented and that the parties will not sue each other or the agents for any change in assessment. (In fact, the Ontario government implemented CVA in 1998.) Any clause releasing an agent from liability for negligence or misrepresentation does not belong in an offer between buyer and seller. That clause should be deleted and replaced with a clause stating the precise amount of taxes for the current and previous years. A copy of the tax bill can be attached.

      4. For some bizarre reason, the printed offer form used by the Ontario Real Estate Association and Toronto Real Estate Board allows until 6 p.m. on the day of closing to finalize the transaction. Since the Teranet land registration system shuts down at 5 p.m., it becomes a huge problem for the parties to figure out what to do in the hour between 5 and 6 if the deal can't be registered. I recommend adding a specific clause changing the deadline from 6 p.m. to 5 p.m.

      5. If the house or condominium being purchased was built and occupied within the last seven years, a copy of the Tarion new home warranty should accompany the offer. A current home warranty is an important part of the sale and purchase of any nearly new home and should always be made available by the listing agent.

      6. Thousands of Canadian homes have been used as marijuana grow operations or drug labs. An offer to purchase is not complete without a warranty that the house or condominium has never been used for these illegal purposes. Some purchasers are also starting to ask for guarantees that the home carries no other stigma such as being the location of a murder or suicide.

      7. Recently I've had some clients complain that the home of their dreams has been left on closing in a mess, with mounds of garbage everywhere, inside and out. A well-drafted offer will have a clause requiring the home to be left in "broom-swept" condition by the seller.

      8. When purchase negotiations stretch out over several days, the quality of the offer document deteriorates rapidly after being faxed and re-faxed repeatedly. Not long ago, I received an offer that was one big black smudge, and totally illegible. I advised the real estate agent that I could not accept the retainer and open a file until I had a copy of the agreement that I could decipher. My rule is that if I can't read the offer, a judge won't be able to either when he or she is asked to figure out what it really said.

      9. One of the most important things for purchasers of freehold property to know is the size of the land underneath the house and where the house sits in relation to its lot lines. Far too many offers take the easy way out and simply say the lot size is "as per deed." In my view, if the lot size isn't available, the listing agent's job isn't finished.

      On the same theme, the most important document in a house purchase is a survey. Unless there's written proof that a survey does not exist or has been lost, there is no excuse for failing to attach a legible survey to the agreement or, preferably, promising in the offer that the seller will provide a new one. Title insurance cannot replace the many benefits of having a survey; it only insures over the resulting problems.

      10. A surprising number of Toronto-area properties have not been converted to Ontario's electronic land registration system because the folks charged with the conversion to the land titles system view the historical title as defective. Lately, I've seen more than my fair share of these bad titles, and the non-conversion to the land titles system often leads to a dispute between the lawyers for buyer and seller over the issue of how serious the defect is.

      I recommend to my clients that they insert into their offers a clause that requires the title be electronically registered in the land titles system before the purchaser can be required to close.

      Finally, I've added one free bonus to my top 10 list:

      11. Agreements of purchase and sale should be conditional on the approval of the lawyer for each party. If the lawyer can't be consulted before the offer is signed, the parties can be fully protected only if they have the opportunity to obtain their lawyer's approval before the deal goes firm. If a lawyer approval clause is missing from the offer, the parties are not being adequately protected.更多精彩文章及讨论,请光临枫下论坛 rolia.net
    • up
    • 实在够累的,买新房最好带上个验房师。